Ten Knowledge Points About The Structural Form Of Steel Structures, Do You Know?
Q1. Classification and characteristics of common structural systems?
Common structural systems include brick-concrete, frame, shear wall, frame-shear wall, cylinder, truss, grid, arch, suspension cable, thin-walled space, etc. Steel structures mainly include portal steel frames, frames, and trusses. , grid, different structural systems have different advantages and disadvantages, and different stress forms. There are often two or more combined structural forms in real buildings.
Q2. What are the characteristics and application examples of common steel structures?
The portal frame has simple force bearing, clear force transmission path, and fast construction speed. It is widely used in industrial and civil buildings such as industrial, commercial, cultural and entertainment public facilities. Steel frames have flexible layout and can form larger spaces, and are widely used in multi-story, high-rise and super-high-rise buildings, commercial office buildings, conference centers and other buildings. The advantage of steel trusses is that members with smaller cross-sections can be used to form components with larger cross-sections. They are often used in buildings with large spans or heights such as roofs of industrial and civil buildings, bridges, TV towers, mast towers, offshore oil platforms, and tower corridors. middle. Steel grid is a high-order statically indeterminate space structure composed of many rods according to certain rules. It has small space stress, light weight, high stiffness and good earthquake resistance. It can be used as gymnasiums, exhibition halls, waiting halls, awnings, etc. Roofs of aircraft hangars and other buildings.
Q3. What is the structural system composition of the portal rigid frame factory building?
Steel structure factories are divided into light steel factories and heavy steel factories. The factory structure system mainly consists of steel columns, wind-resistant columns, parapet columns, roof steel beams, crane beams, inter-column supports, roof truss horizontal supports, wall purlins, roof purlins, It consists of skylight frame, tie rod, etc. The main body of the portal frame is a portal frame, which can be single-span, multi-span, or multi-layer. The economic span is about 24-30m.
Q4. What is the composition of the steel frame structure system?
For steel frames, as the number of layers and height increases, in addition to bearing larger vertical loads, resistance to lateral forces becomes the main load-bearing characteristic of the frame. Its basic structural systems are generally divided into three types: Column-bracing system, pure frame system, frame-bracing system. This system uses a pure steel frame horizontally and arranges an appropriate number of vertical column supports longitudinally to strengthen the longitudinal stiffness, so as to reduce the amount of steel used in the frame and create a larger space.
Q5. What are the common nodes in portal rigid frame factories?
Common nodes of portal steel frames include column foot nodes, beam-column nodes, roof beam-beam nodes, inter-column support nodes, tie rod connection nodes, gutter bracket nodes, etc.
Q6. What are the common nodes of steel frames?
Common nodes of steel frames include column foot nodes, column butt joints, beam-column nodes, beam-beam nodes, support nodes, and column-rising nodes on beams.
A truss is a structure composed of several rods connected by hinges at both ends of each rod. It can be divided into plane truss and space truss. According to the cross-sectional form of the component parts, it can be divided into tube trusses, H-shaped steel trusses, box-section trusses, angle steel trusses, etc. Trusses are generally composed of upper chord members, lower chord members, vertical members, diagonal web members, inter-truss supports, etc. Trusses use less steel than solid web beams, and the structure has a lighter weight and greater stiffness. It is widely used in high-rise buildings, long-span structures, and bridges.
The grid is a spatial structure composed of multiple rods connected through nodes according to a certain grid form. There are many types of grids, which can be classified according to different standards. In China, they are often divided into cross truss system grids, triangular pyramid system grids, quadrangular pyramid system grids, and hexagonal pyramid system grids according to different composition methods. The flat grid is mainly composed of chord bars, oblique web bars, intermediate nodes, support nodes, etc.
Q9. What are the common nodes of steel trusses?
The common nodes of steel trusses are mainly the connection nodes between vertical rods and upper and lower chords, the connection nodes between diagonal web rods and upper and lower chords, the connection nodes between trusses, etc.
Q10. What are the common nodes of steel grid?
The grid mainly includes cross plate nodes, welded hollow ball nodes, bolted ball nodes, and support nodes. The cross plate node is suitable for the grid structure of profiled steel rods. The connection between the rods and the node plate is welded or high-strength bolted. Hollow ball joints and bolt ball joints are suitable for grid structures of steel pipe members.
